Flight Deck Doctor
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Medical Categories

What is an Aviation Medical?

An aviation medical certificate is a requirement set by Transport Canada to ensure pilots and air traffic controllers are medically fit to safely perform their duties.

The category of medical you need depends on the type of licence you hold or are pursuing. Higher categories have stricter medical standards and more frequent renewal periods.

Understanding which category applies to you is the first step before booking an exam with a Civil Aviation Medical Examiner (CAME).

Medical Categories Comparison

Category 1

Used For:
Airline & Commercial Pilots

Examples:
ATPL, CPL, MPL, Flight Engineer

Strictness:
Highest

Category 2

Used For:
Air Traffic Controllers

Examples:
ATC Licence

Strictness:
High

Category 3

Used For:
Private Pilots

Examples:
PPL, Some Instructor Ratings

Strictness:
Moderate

Category 4

Used For:
Recreational Flying

Examples:
Recreational Permit, Ultralight

Strictness:
Lowest

Which Medical Do I Need?

Select a category to learn more:

Category 1 Medical

Overview

Mostly used by Airline Pilots and Commercial Pilots.

What It Allows

Airline operations, commercial flying, multi-crew environments, flight engineering, Air traffic controller licenses. It also covers gyroplane permits, student pilot permits for gyros and balloons, private pilot licenses (aeroplane/helicopter), balloon pilot licenses, and flight instructor ratings for gliders and ultralights.

Validity Period

Medical Requirements

Comprehensive medical including vision, hearing, cardiovascular health.

Typical Tests

ECG (age dependent), vision testing, hearing test, general physical exam.

Age Requirements

More frequent renewals required over age 40.

Costs & Validity

Initial: ~$200–$300. Renewal frequency varies (6–12 months depending on age).

Category 2 Medical

Overview

Used only by Air Traffic Controllers.

What It Allows

Ability to be an Air Traffic Controller.

Validity Period

Medical Requirements

Moderate level of medical screening.

Typical Tests

Vision, hearing, general physical exam.

Age Requirements

Requirements increase with age.

Costs & Validity

Typically less than Category 1.

Category 3 Medical

Overview

Mostly used by Private Pilots and Recreational Pilots.

What It Allows

Private flying (aeroplane/helicopter), gyroplane permits, student pilot permits (gyroplane/balloon), balloon licenses, and flight instructor ratings (glider/ultralight).

Validity Period

Medical Requirements

Basic medical screening.

Typical Tests

Vision, hearing, general physical exam.

Age Requirements

Renewal intervals change with age.

Costs & Validity

~$150–$200 typically.

Category 4 Medical

Overview

Used by Recreational Pilot Permit holders and student pilots.

What It Allows

Recreational pilot permits, student pilot permits (aeroplane/ultralight/glider/helicopter), Glider Pilot License.

Validity Period

Medical Requirements

Self-assessment with physician involvement if needed.

Typical Tests

No formal CAME exam required in most cases.

Age Requirements

Subject to self-declaration rules.

Costs & Validity

Minimal cost.